Paul is writing to this new church around AD 50.  He was forced away from this area earlier from opposition.  He sent Timothy to go check on this vibrant and young community.

He went to address misunderstandings about the return of Christ. The church was also facing persecution and uncertainty. This passage offers three short messages to find joy in everything and every situation, to pray more, to keep in communication with God; for all of this to be more of a relationship than a ritual. And to show gratitude for what we have. Knowing when we give thanks, we know God is at work for us even in darkest times.

This passage has inspired, challenged and comforted Christians for centuries.

Paul is giving the church final instructions as the book is only 5 chapters.